What is the primary function of ribosomes during protein synthesis?

What is the primary function of ribosomes during protein synthesis?

• A. To transcribe DNA into RNA.
• B. To transport proteins to the Golgi.
• C. To replicate DNA.
• D. To synthesize proteins by linking amino acids.

Answer: (D)

Ribosomes are the sites where translation happens, turning the information in mRNA into a chain of amino acids to make a protein. They read codons on the mRNA and line up the appropriate tRNA carrying the matching amino acids, forming peptide bonds to link them together as the ribosome moves along the message. This is the process that actually builds the protein from the genetic code. Transcription, which converts DNA into RNA, occurs by RNA polymerase, not by ribosomes. DNA replication copies the genome, performed by DNA polymerases. Transport of proteins to the Golgi involves cellular trafficking after synthesis, using vesicles and targeting signals. So the ribosome’s primary function during protein synthesis is to synthesize proteins by linking amino acids.

Ribosomes are the sites where translation happens, turning the information in mRNA into a chain of amino acids to make a protein. They read codons on the mRNA and line up the appropriate tRNA carrying the matching amino acids, forming peptide bonds to link them together as the ribosome moves along the message. This is the process that actually builds the protein from the genetic code.

Transcription, which converts DNA into RNA, occurs by RNA polymerase, not by ribosomes. DNA replication copies the genome, performed by DNA polymerases. Transport of proteins to the Golgi involves cellular trafficking after synthesis, using vesicles and targeting signals. So the ribosome’s primary function during protein synthesis is to synthesize proteins by linking amino acids.